diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index f208980..cabb0b8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-.PHONY: help serve
+.PHONY: help serve test-data
 
 help: ## display this help
 	@awk 'BEGIN{FS = ":.*##"; printf "\033[1m\nUsage\n \033[1;92m make\033[0;36m <target>\033[0m\n"} /^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+:.*?##/ { printf "  \033[36m%-15s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2 } ' $(MAKEFILE_LIST)
 
 serve: ## Run "intake serve" with live reload
 	@air -build.cmd "go build -o tmp/intake" -build.bin tmp/intake -build.args_bin serve,--data-dir,tmp
+
+test-data: ## Recreate test data in tmp/
+	@test/test_items.sh
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cmd/actionExecute.go b/cmd/actionExecute.go
index 6037d59..d68633f 100644
--- a/cmd/actionExecute.go
+++ b/cmd/actionExecute.go
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ var actionExecuteCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Short:   "Run a source action for an item",
 	Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Execute a source action for an item.
 
+The item must declare support for the action by having the action's name
+in its "action" field. Use --force to execute the action anyway.
+
 The "fetch" action is special and does not execute for any specific item.
 Use "intake source fetch" to run the fetch action.
 
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ var actionExecuteItem string
 var actionExecuteFormat string
 var actionExecuteDryRun bool
 var actionExecuteDiff bool
+var actionExecuteForce bool
 
 func init() {
 	actionCmd.AddCommand(actionExecuteCmd)
@@ -46,10 +50,12 @@ func init() {
 	actionExecuteCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&actionExecuteAction, "action", "a", "", "Action to run")
 	actionExecuteCmd.MarkFlagRequired("action")
 
-	actionExecuteCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&actionExecuteFormat, "format", "f", "headlines", "Feed format for returned items.")
+	actionExecuteCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&actionExecuteFormat, "format", "f", "headlines", "Feed format for returned items")
 	actionExecuteCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&actionExecuteDryRun, "dry-run", false, "Instead of updating the item, print it")
 
 	actionExecuteCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&actionExecuteDiff, "diff", false, "Show which fields of the item changed")
+
+	actionExecuteCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&actionExecuteForce, "force", false, "Execute the action even if the item does not support it")
 }
 
 func actionExecute() {
@@ -67,16 +73,24 @@ func actionExecute() {
 
 	db := openAndMigrateDb()
 
-	argv, err := core.GetArgvForAction(db, actionExecuteSource, actionExecuteAction)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("error: failed to get action: %v", err)
-	}
-
 	item, err := core.GetItem(db, actionExecuteSource, actionExecuteItem)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("error: failed to get item: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	if item.Action[actionExecuteAction] == nil {
+		if actionExecuteForce {
+			log.Printf("warning: force-executing %s on %s/%s", actionExecuteAction, actionExecuteSource, actionExecuteItem)
+		} else {
+			log.Fatalf("error: %s/%s does not support %s", actionExecuteSource, actionExecuteItem, actionExecuteAction)
+		}
+	}
+
+	argv, err := core.GetArgvForAction(db, actionExecuteSource, actionExecuteAction)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("error: failed to get action: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	itemJson, err := json.Marshal(item)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("error: failed to serialize item: %v", err)
diff --git a/cmd/feed.go b/cmd/feed.go
index be7239b..c312f86 100644
--- a/cmd/feed.go
+++ b/cmd/feed.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func feed() {
 			items, err = core.GetActiveItemsForSource(db, feedSource)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("error: failed to fetch items from %s", feedSource)
+			log.Fatalf("error: failed to fetch items from %s:, %v", feedSource, err)
 		}
 	} else if feedChannel != "" {
 		log.Fatal("error: unimplemented")
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func feed() {
 			items, err = core.GetAllActiveItems(db)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatal("error: failed to fetch items")
+			log.Fatalf("error: failed to fetch items: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/cmd/itemAdd.go b/cmd/itemAdd.go
index 25374a3..64f17d2 100644
--- a/cmd/itemAdd.go
+++ b/cmd/itemAdd.go
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package cmd
 import (
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"fmt"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"log"
 
 	"github.com/Jaculabilis/intake/core"
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ var addItemAuthor string
 var addItemBody string
 var addItemLink string
 var addItemTime int
+var addItemActions string
 
 func init() {
 	itemCmd.AddCommand(itemAddCmd)
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ func init() {
 	itemAddCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&addItemBody, "body", "b", "", "Item body")
 	itemAddCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&addItemLink, "link", "l", "", "Item link")
 	itemAddCmd.Flags().IntVarP(&addItemTime, "time", "m", 0, "Item time as a Unix timestamp")
+	itemAddCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&addItemActions, "action", "x", "", "Item time as a Unix timestamp")
 }
 
 func itemAdd() {
@@ -52,11 +54,18 @@ func itemAdd() {
 	if addItemId == "" {
 		bytes := make([]byte, 16)
 		if _, err := rand.Read(bytes); err != nil {
-			log.Fatal("Failed to generate id")
+			log.Fatalf("error: failed to generate id: %v", err)
 		}
 		addItemId = hex.EncodeToString(bytes)
 	}
 
+	var actions core.Actions
+	if addItemActions != "" {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(addItemActions), &actions); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("error: could not parse actions: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	db := openAndMigrateDb()
 
 	if err := core.AddItems(db, []core.Item{{
@@ -67,9 +76,10 @@ func itemAdd() {
 		Body:   addItemBody,
 		Link:   addItemLink,
 		Time:   addItemTime,
+		Action: actions,
 	}}); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Failed to add item: %s", err)
+		log.Fatalf("error: failed to add item: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("Added %s/%s\n", addItemSource, addItemId)
+	log.Printf("Added %s/%s\n", addItemSource, addItemId)
 }
diff --git a/test/test_items.sh b/test/test_items.sh
index 2e946b7..c14310d 100755
--- a/test/test_items.sh
+++ b/test/test_items.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ go build -o tmp/intake
 rm tmp/intake.db* || true
 export INTAKE_DATA_DIR="tmp"
 tmp/intake migrate
+
 tmp/intake source add -s feedtest
 tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --id "this-item-has-no-title"
 tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --title "This item has only a title"
@@ -18,3 +19,7 @@ tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --title "Title, time" --time 1737780324
 tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --title "Title, author, body" --author "Authorname" --body "Hello body!"
 tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --title "Title, author, time, body" --author "Authorname" --time 1700000000 --body "Hello body!"
 tmp/intake item add -s feedtest --title "Title, time, body" --time 1737780324 --body "Hello, body!"
+
+tmp/intake source add -s spook
+tmp/intake action add -s spook -a spookier -- jq -c '.title = .title + "o"'
+tmp/intake item add -s spook --id boo --title "Boo" --action '{"spookier": true}'